Educación intercultural en salud para la revitalización de sistemas alimentarios tradicionales: etnografía focalizada en una comunidad Kichwa, Ecuador
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61347/psa.v4i2.193Palabras clave:
Comunidades indígenas, conocimiento ancestral, enfermería transcultural, etnografía, salud interculturalResumen
Los sistemas alimentarios tradicionales indígenas constituyen espacios de transmisión de conocimientos bioculturales cuya continuidad enfrenta transformaciones socioculturales. El objetivo fue analizar las prácticas de educación intercultural en salud presentes en las actividades comunitarias y su relación con la conservación de los sistemas alimentarios tradicionales y la transmisión intergeneracional de saberes bioculturales en la comunidad Kichwa de Santiago de Quito, Chimborazo, Ecuador. Se desarrolló un estudio cualitativo de etnografía focalizada entre octubre de 2025 y febrero de 2026, mediante 196 horas de observación participante distribuidas en 22 jornadas, registros en un diario de campo reflexivo y entrevistas etnográficas informales con cinco informantes clave. Los datos se analizaron mediante el modelo de dominios culturales de Spradley y triangulación de técnicas y fuentes. Se identificaron cuatro categorías: ciclo biocultural de la tierra, minga y reciprocidad comunitaria, ritual alimentario y transmisión intergeneracional, y tensiones entre tradición y modernización. Las actividades agrícolas, el aventado de quinua, el desgrane de maíz y los rituales alimentarios constituyeron espacios de aprendizaje colectivo mediante la participación y el intercambio de conocimientos entre generaciones. Se concluyó que estas prácticas contribuyeron a la continuidad de los saberes alimentarios y culturales, ofreciendo oportunidades para desarrollar estrategias de educación intercultural en salud desde la enfermería comunitaria, aunque no se evaluaron efectos directos sobre indicadores sanitarios.
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Derechos de autor 2026 Tatiana Alexandra González Verdezoto, Gregoriana Mendoza, Angelo Ivan Cepeda Gonzalez
Esta obra está bajo una licencia internacional Creative Commons Atribución-NoComercial 4.0.
