Entrepreneurial competencies and skills of university students. A bibliometric study
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.61347/psa.v3i3.118Keywords:
Competencies, entrepreneurial education, entrepreneurship, skills, studentAbstract
Entrepreneurial education in higher education has gained global relevance as a response to the challenges of employability, innovation, and sustainable development. Entrepreneurial competencies and skills such as leadership, creativity, resilience, and strategic management have become transversal pillars of university programs. This study presents a bibliographic review and a meta-analysis of empirical research on entrepreneurial competencies among university students, aiming to identify patterns, training gaps, and significant correlations. To understand its evolution, a bibliometric analysis was conducted on articles indexed in Scopus between 2010 and 2025, with the objective of identifying theoretical models, methodological approaches, and emerging trends in scientific research, emphasizing their institutional applicability. A total of 229 documents were retrieved from Scopus using the Bibliometrix package in RStudio, applying co-occurrence analysis, bibliographic coupling, collaboration networks, and thematic evolution analysis. The keywords used were entrepreneurial competencies, student skills, higher education, and innovation. The scientific production showed an average annual growth rate of 12% since 2016, reaching its peak in 2022 with 38 publications. The average number of citations per article increased from 4.2 in 2010 to 9.8 in 2024. The most cited models include the EntreComp framework, the Theory of Entrepreneurial Intention, and the Experiential Learning model. Emerging themes identified include social entrepreneurship, digital competencies, gamification, and university incubators. The research demonstrates theoretical consolidation and thematic expansion, providing scientific foundations to redesign training strategies and strengthen entrepreneurial ecosystems in higher education.
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